The active badge location system
ACM Transactions on Information Systems (TOIS)
The Cricket location-support system
MobiCom '00 Proceedings of the 6th annual international conference on Mobile computing and networking
Wireless Communications: Principles and Practice
Wireless Communications: Principles and Practice
An overview of positioning by diffusion
Wireless Networks
LANDMARC: indoor location sensing using active RFID
Wireless Networks - Special issue: Pervasive computing and communications
Low-coordination topologies for redundancy in sensor networks
Proceedings of the 6th ACM international symposium on Mobile ad hoc networking and computing
RFID Sourcebook
Synchronization of RFID Readers for Dense RFID Reader Environments
SAINT-W '06 Proceedings of the International Symposium on Applications on Internet Workshops
Positioning Analysis of Multiple Antennas in a Dense RFID Reader Environment
SAINT-W '06 Proceedings of the International Symposium on Applications on Internet Workshops
Robotics-based location sensing using wireless Ethernet
Wireless Networks
GETA sandals: a footstep location tracking system
Personal and Ubiquitous Computing
Investigation of Indoor Location Sensing via RFID Reader Network Utilizing Grid Covering Algorithm
Wireless Personal Communications: An International Journal
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The study and analysis of RFID (radio frequency identification) reader positioning is important for RFID large-scale deployment. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to investigate the art of RFID reader positioning in order to develop a highly accurate positioning and tracking system for usage inside a building and also to optimize the tracking performance that can be applied to different active and passive RFID standards. This study involves design of square grid RFID reader network and position calculation using diffusion algorithm. Square grid network presents the solution of placement pattern of RFID readers, hence optimal number of required readers and guaranteed coverage can be achieved. The proposed diffusion algorithm makes use of distance information between the reader and the tag to estimate the RFID tag position. This study has also introduced a probabilistic mathematical model to maintain coverage of the unit square region and to ensure connectivity of the proposed square grid network. The effectiveness of the diffusion algorithm is evaluated in this study and the obtained results show satisfactory performance. The obtained results show that the proposed positioning system can achieve average positioning error below 1 m with different RFID reading ranges and in some cases accuracy improvement of about 65% can be reached than the results obtained by known positioning system. It is also found that the proposed diffusion algorithm together with square grid can bring approximately 50---85% improvement on raw accuracy provided by only square grid method.