Robust speech recognition using the modulation spectrogram
Speech Communication - Special issue on robust speech recognition
Spoken Language Processing: A Guide to Theory, Algorithm, and System Development
Spoken Language Processing: A Guide to Theory, Algorithm, and System Development
The Modulation Spectrogram: In Pursuit of an Invariant Representation of Speech
ICASSP '97 Proceedings of the 1997 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP '97)-Volume 3 - Volume 3
Digital Speech Transmission: Enhancement, Coding And Error Concealment
Digital Speech Transmission: Enhancement, Coding And Error Concealment
Speech enhancement based on a priori signal to noise estimation
ICASSP '96 Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 1996. on Conference Proceedings., 1996 IEEE International Conference - Volume 02
Subjective comparison and evaluation of speech enhancement algorithms
Speech Communication
Joint acoustic and modulation frequency
EURASIP Journal on Applied Signal Processing
Discrete-time speech signal processing: principles and practice
Discrete-time speech signal processing: principles and practice
Automatic recognition of speech emotion using long-term spectro-temporal features
DSP'09 Proceedings of the 16th international conference on Digital Signal Processing
Modulation spectral features for robust far-field speaker identification
IEEE Transactions on Audio, Speech, and Language Processing
Theory and Applications of Digital Speech Processing
Theory and Applications of Digital Speech Processing
A non-intrusive quality and intelligibility measure of reverberant and dereverberated speech
IEEE Transactions on Audio, Speech, and Language Processing - Special issue on processing reverberant speech: methodologies and applications
Role of modulation magnitude and phase spectrum towards speech intelligibility
Speech Communication
Modulation-domain Kalman filtering for single-channel speech enhancement
Speech Communication
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In this paper we investigate the enhancement of speech by applying MMSE short-time spectral magnitude estimation in the modulation domain. For this purpose, the traditional analysis-modification-synthesis framework is extended to include modulation domain processing. We compensate the noisy modulation spectrum for additive noise distortion by applying the MMSE short-time spectral magnitude estimation algorithm in the modulation domain. A number of subjective experiments were conducted. Initially, we determine the parameter values that maximise the subjective quality of stimuli enhanced using the MMSE modulation magnitude estimator. Next, we compare the quality of stimuli processed by the MMSE modulation magnitude estimator to those processed using the MMSE acoustic magnitude estimator and the modulation spectral subtraction method, and show that good improvement in speech quality is achieved through use of the proposed approach. Then we evaluate the effect of including speech presence uncertainty and log-domain processing on the quality of enhanced speech, and find that this method works better with speech uncertainty. Finally we compare the quality of speech enhanced using the MMSE modulation magnitude estimator (when used with speech presence uncertainty) with that enhanced using different acoustic domain MMSE magnitude estimator formulations, and those enhanced using different modulation domain based enhancement algorithms. Results of these tests show that the MMSE modulation magnitude estimator improves the quality of processed stimuli, without introducing musical noise or spectral smearing distortion. The proposed method is shown to have better noise suppression than MMSE acoustic magnitude estimation, and improved speech quality compared to other modulation domain based enhancement methods considered.