Fuzzy expert systems
Mining association rules between sets of items in large databases
SIGMOD '93 Proceedings of the 1993 ACM SIGMOD international conference on Management of data
Swarm intelligence: from natural to artificial systems
Swarm intelligence: from natural to artificial systems
Future Generation Computer Systems
Fuzzy association rules and the extended mining algorithms
Information Sciences—Informatics and Computer Science: An International Journal
Finding useful fuzzy concepts for pattern classification using genetic algorithm
Information Sciences: an International Journal
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An ACS-based framework for fuzzy data mining
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Genetic algorithm based framework for mining fuzzy association rules
Fuzzy Sets and Systems
A fuzzy rule based backpropagation method for training binary multilayer perceptrons
Information Sciences: an International Journal
An analysis of communication policies for homogeneous multi-colony ACO algorithms
Information Sciences: an International Journal
Information Sciences: an International Journal
A novel data mining method based on ant colony algorithm
ADMA'05 Proceedings of the First international conference on Advanced Data Mining and Applications
Ant colony system: a cooperative learning approach to the traveling salesman problem
IEEE Transactions on Evolutionary Computation
Classification With Ant Colony Optimization
IEEE Transactions on Evolutionary Computation
Ant system: optimization by a colony of cooperating agents
IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Part B: Cybernetics
New heuristics for two bounded-degree spanning tree problems
Information Sciences: an International Journal
Fuzzy numbers from raw discrete data using linear regression
Information Sciences: an International Journal
A novel bio-inspired approach based on the behavior of mosquitoes
Information Sciences: an International Journal
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Fuzzy data mining is used to extract fuzzy knowledge from linguistic or quantitative data. It is an extension of traditional data mining and the derived knowledge is relatively meaningful to human beings. In the past, we proposed a mining algorithm to find suitable membership functions for fuzzy association rules based on ant colony systems. In that approach, precision was limited by the use of binary bits to encode the membership functions. This paper elaborates on the original approach to increase the accuracy of results by adding multi-level processing. A multi-level ant colony framework is thus designed and an algorithm based on the structure is proposed to achieve the purpose. The proposed approach first transforms the fuzzy mining problem into a multi-stage graph, with each route representing a possible set of membership functions. The new approach then extends the previous one, using multi-level processing to solve the problem in which the maximum quantities of item values in the transactions may be large. The membership functions derived in a given level will be refined in the subsequent level. The final membership functions in the last level are then outputted to the rule-mining phase to find fuzzy association rules. Experiments are also performed to show the performance of the proposed approach. The experimental results show that the proposed multi-level ant colony systems mining approach can obtain improved results.