ECOSystem: managing energy as a first class operating system resource
Proceedings of the 10th international conference on Architectural support for programming languages and operating systems
Xen and the art of virtualization
SOSP '03 Proceedings of the nineteenth ACM symposium on Operating systems principles
Accounting and Billing for Federated Cloud Infrastructures
GCC '09 Proceedings of the 2009 Eighth International Conference on Grid and Cooperative Computing
Resource-conscious scheduling for energy efficiency on multicore processors
Proceedings of the 5th European conference on Computer systems
Virtual machine power metering and provisioning
Proceedings of the 1st ACM symposium on Cloud computing
Virtual Battery: A testing tool for power-aware software
Journal of Systems Architecture: the EUROMICRO Journal
Cost-Benefit Analysis of Virtualizing Batch Systems: Performance-Energy-Dependability Trade-Offs
UCC '13 Proceedings of the 2013 IEEE/ACM 6th International Conference on Utility and Cloud Computing
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Currently, cloud computing systems using virtual machines bill users for the amount of their allocated processor time, or the number of their virtual machine instances. However, accounting without cooling and energy cost is not sufficient because the cooling and energy cost is expected to exceed the cost for purchasing the servers eventually. This paper suggests a model to estimate the energy consumption of each virtual machine. Our model estimates the energy consumption of a virtual machine based on the in-processor events generated by the virtual machine. Based on the suggested estimation model, this paper also proposes a virtual machine scheduling algorithm that conforms to the energy budget of each virtual machine. Our evaluation shows the suggested schemes estimate and provide energy consumption with errors less than 5% of the total energy consumption.