The effect of latency on user performance in Warcraft III
NetGames '03 Proceedings of the 2nd workshop on Network and system support for games
The effects of loss and latency on user performance in unreal tournament 2003®
Proceedings of 3rd ACM SIGCOMM workshop on Network and system support for games
The effect of latency and network limitations on MMORPGs: a field study of everquest2
NetGames '05 Proceedings of 4th ACM SIGCOMM workshop on Network and system support for games
Supporting zoomable video streams with dynamic region-of-interest cropping
MMSys '10 Proceedings of the first annual ACM SIGMM conference on Multimedia systems
Proceedings of the 20th international workshop on Network and operating systems support for digital audio and video
Towards characterizing users' interaction with zoomable video
Proceedings of the 2010 ACM workshop on Social, adaptive and personalized multimedia interaction and access
Zoomable video playback on mobile devices by selective decoding
PCM'12 Proceedings of the 13th Pacific-Rim conference on Advances in Multimedia Information Processing
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We conducted a user study with 35 participants viewing 5 video clips to understand user tolerance to network latency when zooming and panning in zoomable video streams. With zooming or panning, unseen spatial regions in a frame are revealed and momentarily in an unknown state until data arrive from the server. To handle such unknown state, two common concealment schemes are used, namely Black scheme and Low-Res scheme. Black scheme renders the newly revealed region as black pixels, while Low-Res covers the unknown part with data from a low resolution video stream, which is additionally streamed by the server. In the context of these schemes, our study based on the simulation of delays shows that users are more tolerable to delay in Low-Res scheme. Up to 94% of participants can tolerate 1 second delay and 80% can tolerate up to a delay of 2 seconds in Low-Res scheme, while only 77% of participants can tolerate 1 second delay in Black scheme. The tolerable delay in zoomable video streaming is higher than thresholds found in some high interactive multimedia applications