Ballistic missile detection via micro-Doppler frequency estimation from radar return

Authors:
Lihua Liu;Des McLernon;Mounir Ghogho;Weidong Hu;Jian Huang
Affiliations:
ATR Key Lab, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, National University of Defence Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410073, PR China and School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, The Uni ...;School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, The University of Leeds, Leeds, UK;School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, The University of Leeds, Leeds, UK and International University of Rabat, Morocco;ATR Key Lab, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, National University of Defence Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410073, PR China;ATR Key Lab, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, National University of Defence Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410073, PR China
Venue:
Digital Signal Processing
Year:
2012

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Abstract

The spinning motion of a ballistic missile (BM), which is a kind of micro-Doppler motion, induces additional frequency modulation on the returned radar signal. This modulation period in frequency, called the micro-Doppler modulation frequency, is a stable and unique parameter in radar target recognition. This paper first establishes the radar signal model of the spinning missile during flight, and then extracts the micro-Doppler modulation frequency through analysis of the periodic structure of the resulting spectrogram (short-time Fourier transform (STFT)) - i.e., the time-frequency distribution (TFD). In order to be used for BM target recognition we implemented a data-dependent optimal window length for the STFT. We treated the resultant TFD as an image and then used the 2-D DFT/FFT for feature extraction. Experimental results illustrate the validity of the proposed method.