More or less following a plan during design: opportunistic deviations in specification
International Journal of Man-Machine Studies - What programmers know
Knowledge exploited by experts during software system design
International Journal of Man-Machine Studies - What programmers know
Designing engineers
Activity theory as a potential framework for human-computer interaction research
Context and consciousness
Human Problem Solving
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We argue that empirical research on creativity in design is detached from the realities of the design profession and therefore unable to contribute much to the development of the discipline. We believe that by taking an industry needs-centered approach to research and starting by understanding design practices we can find better and more fruitful research questions. This theoretical paper presents an overview of the empirical approaches to studying creativity in design, specifically in the front end of the design process. We define a practice-based approach for design research and review some studies pertinent to this approach. We discuss the theoretical foundations of the practice-based approach and propose it can yield several insights into professional designers' productivity. We expect that this style of inquire can advance design tools for both practitioners and students in the future.