Introduction to statistical pattern recognition (2nd ed.)
Introduction to statistical pattern recognition (2nd ed.)
Nonlinear component analysis as a kernel eigenvalue problem
Neural Computation
A fast algorithm for tracking human faces based on chromatic histograms
Pattern Recognition Letters
Evolutionary Pursuit and Its Application to Face Recognition
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Automatic Analysis of Facial Expressions: The State of the Art
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Facial expression recognition: a clustering-based approach
Pattern Recognition Letters
Coding Facial Expressions with Gabor Wavelets
FG '98 Proceedings of the 3rd. International Conference on Face & Gesture Recognition
A hybrid AANN-KPCA approach to sensor data validation
AIC'07 Proceedings of the 7th Conference on 7th WSEAS International Conference on Applied Informatics and Communications - Volume 7
A direct evolutionary feature extraction algorithm for classifying high dimensional data
AAAI'06 Proceedings of the 21st national conference on Artificial intelligence - Volume 1
Evolutionary discriminant feature extraction with application to face recognition
EURASIP Journal on Advances in Signal Processing - Special issue on recent advances in biometric systems: a signal processing perspective
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Automatic facial expression recognition has been studied comprehensively recently, but most existent algorithms for this task perform not well in presence of nonlinear information in facial images. For this sake, we employ KPCA to map the original facial data to a lower dimensional space. Then LDA is applied in that space and we derive the most discriminant vectors using GA. This method has no singularity problem, which often arises in the traditional eigen decomposition-based solutions to LDA. Other work of this paper includes proposing a rather simple but effective preprocessing method and using Mahalanobis distance rather than Euclidean distance as the metric of the nearest neighbor classifier. Experiments on the JAFFE database show promising results.