Memoryless hash-based perceptual image authentication
IWDW'12 Proceedings of the 11th international conference on Digital Forensics and Watermaking
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In this paper, a sum-energy based image hashing scheme is proposed which satisfies three important criteria of image hashing, namely robustness, fragility and security. Compared with some other fixed standard representations, wave atoms are employed due to the significantly sparser expansion and better characteristics of texture feature extraction. The experimental results have shown that the proposed scheme is resilient to non-malicious operations and simultaneously discriminative to malicious operations. To ensure the security of proposed scheme, a randomized pixel modulation and a randomized permutation using RC4 algorithm are performed. In addition, a pseudo-random sequence driven by a secret key is utilized to cryptographically protect the intermediate image hash.