Analysis of TCP performance on multi-hop wireless networks: A cross layer approach

  • Authors:
  • Adnan Majeed;Nael B. Abu-Ghazaleh;Saquib Razak;Khaled A. Harras

  • Affiliations:
  • Dept. of Computer Science, State University of New York, Binghamton, United States;Dept. of Computer Science, State University of New York, Binghamton, United States;Dept. of Computer Science, Carnegie Mellon University, Qatar;Dept. of Computer Science, Carnegie Mellon University, Qatar

  • Venue:
  • Ad Hoc Networks
  • Year:
  • 2012

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Abstract

In Multi-Hop Wireless Networks (MHWNs), wireless nodes cooperate to forward traffic between end points that are not in direct communication range. Specifically, traffic is forwarded from a source towards its destination through intermediate nodes that form a wireless multi-hop chain. Researchers have studied the performance of TCP over chains discovering properties such as how the number of hops reduces chain throughput as neighboring links contend for the shared medium. Moreover, the presence of hidden terminals has also been shown to negatively affect performance of example chains. In this paper, we leverage recent characterization of how competing wireless links interact to develop an in-depth analysis of TCP performance over wireless chains. In particular, there are a number of possible modes of interference between competing links with distinct implications on performance and fairness; to our knowledge, this is the first work that studies the impact of these different modes on TCP chain performance. We classify chains according to interference modes considering both the forward (data) and reverse (acknowledgment) traffic. Chain geometry limits the types of chains that arise most frequently in practice. We evaluate TCP performance over the most frequently occurring chain types and observe significant performance differences between chains that have the same hop count. Different four-hop chains, for example, show a throughput difference of up to 25% and a retransmission overhead difference of over 90%. We discuss the implications of these differences on network performance: specifically, route instability and bandwidth usage generated. We extend this analysis to two single-hop TCP flows and quantify the effect of interference interactions between two flows. This study is a first step towards completely understanding the performance of multiple TCP flows over multiple hops in a MHWN.