Computation at the edge of chaos: phase transitions and emergent computation
CNLS '89 Proceedings of the ninth annual international conference of the Center for Nonlinear Studies on Self-organizing, Collective, and Cooperative Phenomena in Natural and Artificial Computing Networks on Emergent computation
1/f fluctuation in the “Game of Life”
Physica D
A new kind of science
Evolving cellular automata by 1/f noise
ECAL'05 Proceedings of the 8th European conference on Advances in Artificial Life
Evolution of one-dimensional cellular automata by 1/f noise
ECAL'07 Proceedings of the 9th European conference on Advances in artificial life
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Cellular Automata are considered to be discrete dynamical systems as well as computing systems. Spectral analysis has been employed to investigate the behavior of dynamical systems. We calculated the power spectra from the evolutions starting from a random initial configuration to analyze the temporal behavior in elementary cellular automata. As a result, rule 110 has 1/f spectrum for the longest time steps. Rule 110 alone has proved to be capable of supporting universal computation in elementary cellular automata. These results suggest that there is a relationship between computational universality and 1/f noise in cellular automata.