Differentiable invariants

  • Authors:
  • Pascal Van Hentenryck;Laurent Michel

  • Affiliations:
  • Brown University, Providence, RI;University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT

  • Venue:
  • CP'06 Proceedings of the 12th international conference on Principles and Practice of Constraint Programming
  • Year:
  • 2006

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Abstract

Invariants that incrementally maintain the value of expressions under assignments to their variables are a natural abstraction to build high-level local search algorithms. But their functionalities are not sufficient to allow arbitrary expressions as constraints or objective functions as in constraint programming. Differentiable invariants bridge this expressiveness gap. A differentiable invariant maintains the value of an expression and its variable gradients, it supports differentiation to evaluate the effect of local moves. The benefits of differentiable invariants are illustrated on a number of applications which feature complex, possibly reified, expressions and whose models are essentially similar to their CP counterparts. Experimental results demonstrate their practicability.