Ant colony system: a cooperative learning approach to the traveling salesman problem
IEEE Transactions on Evolutionary Computation
A simulated annealing heuristic for the capacitated location routing problem
Computers and Industrial Engineering
An ant colony optimization approach to solve cooperative transportation planning problems
Winter Simulation Conference
Proceedings of the 13th annual conference on Genetic and evolutionary computation
Concave minimum cost network flow problems solved with a colony of ants
Journal of Heuristics
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Location-Routing Problem (LRP) can model several life situations. In this paper we study The Capacitated Location Routing Problem (CLRP) which is defined as a combination of two problems: the Facility Location Problem (FLP) and the Vehicle Routing problem (VRP). We propose a two-phase approach to solve the CLRP. The approach is based on Simulated Annealing algorithm (SA) and Ant Colony System (ACS). The experimental results show the efficiency of our approach.