Conceptual structures: information processing in mind and machine
Conceptual structures: information processing in mind and machine
CYC: a large-scale investment in knowledge infrastructure
Communications of the ACM
ACM Computing Surveys (CSUR)
Text Classification from Labeled and Unlabeled Documents using EM
Machine Learning - Special issue on information retrieval
Machine learning in automated text categorization
ACM Computing Surveys (CSUR)
Hierarchically Classifying Documents Using Very Few Words
ICML '97 Proceedings of the Fourteenth International Conference on Machine Learning
Hierarchical Text Classification and Evaluation
ICDM '01 Proceedings of the 2001 IEEE International Conference on Data Mining
The description logic handbook: theory, implementation, and applications
The description logic handbook: theory, implementation, and applications
Clustering documents in a web directory
WIDM '03 Proceedings of the 5th ACM international workshop on Web information and data management
Ontologies and semantics for seamless connectivity
ACM SIGMOD Record
Semantic integration: a survey of ontology-based approaches
ACM SIGMOD Record
ESWC '07 Proceedings of the 4th European conference on The Semantic Web: Research and Applications
Analysing Ontological Structures through Name Pattern Tracking
EKAW '08 Proceedings of the 16th international conference on Knowledge Engineering: Practice and Patterns
Institutionalising ontology-based semantic integration
Applied Ontology
A Pattern Based Approach for Re-engineering Non-Ontological Resources into Ontologies
ASWC '08 Proceedings of the 3rd Asian Semantic Web Conference on The Semantic Web
Faceted Lightweight Ontologies
Conceptual Modeling: Foundations and Applications
Prodlight: a lightweight ontology for product description based on datatype properties
BIS'07 Proceedings of the 10th international conference on Business information systems
From web directories to ontologies: natural language processing challenges
ISWC'07/ASWC'07 Proceedings of the 6th international The semantic web and 2nd Asian conference on Asian semantic web conference
Semantic matching: algorithms and implementation
Journal on data semantics IX
Domains and context: First steps towards managing diversity in knowledge
Web Semantics: Science, Services and Agents on the World Wide Web
Institutionalising ontology-based semantic integration
Applied Ontology
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Classifications have been used for centuries with the goal of cataloguing and searching large sets of objects. In the early days it was mainly books; lately it has also become Web pages, pictures and any kind of electronic information items. Classifications describe their contents using natural language labels, which has proved very effective in manual classification. However natural language labels show their limitations when one tries to automate the process, as they make it very hard to reason about classifications and their contents. In this paper we introduce the novel notion of Formal Classification, as a graph structure where labels are written in a propositional concept language. Formal Classifications turn out to be some form of lightweight ontologies. This, in turn, allows us to reason about them, to associate to each node a normal form formula which univocally describes its contents, and to reduce document classification to reasoning about subsumption.