Communications of the ACM
Wireless sensor networks: a survey
Computer Networks: The International Journal of Computer and Telecommunications Networking
A key-management scheme for distributed sensor networks
Proceedings of the 9th ACM conference on Computer and communications security
Denial of Service in Sensor Networks
Computer
Random Key Predistribution Schemes for Sensor Networks
SP '03 Proceedings of the 2003 IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy
A Low-Energy Key Management Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks
ISCC '03 Proceedings of the Eighth IEEE International Symposium on Computers and Communications
A pairwise key pre-distribution scheme for wireless sensor networks
Proceedings of the 10th ACM conference on Computer and communications security
LEAP: efficient security mechanisms for large-scale distributed sensor networks
Proceedings of the 10th ACM conference on Computer and communications security
Establishing Pairwise Keys for Secure Communication in Ad Hoc Networks: A Probabilistic Approach
ICNP '03 Proceedings of the 11th IEEE International Conference on Network Protocols
Scalable Cryptographic Key Management in Wireless Sensor Networks
ICDCSW '04 Proceedings of the 24th International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems Workshops - W7: EC (ICDCSW'04) - Volume 7
TinySec: a link layer security architecture for wireless sensor networks
SenSys '04 Proceedings of the 2nd international conference on Embedded networked sensor systems
IEEE Network: The Magazine of Global Internetworking
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The current wireless sensor network designs are largely based on a layered approach. The suboptimality and inflexibility of this paradigm result in poor performance, due to constraints of power, communication, and computational capabilities. Key management plays an important role in wireless sensor networks, because it not only takes charge of securing link-layer communications between nodes, but also has great effects on other protocol layers, e.g. routing and IDS (Intrusion Detection System). However, no existing key management protocols have attached enough importance to cross-layering designs. In this paper, we propose a cross-layering key management scheme, which can provide other protocol layers with a nice trust-level metric. The trust-level metric is generated during the pairwise key establishment phase, and it varies as system conditions change. This metric describes the security level between two neighboring nodes and helps other protocol layers to make decisions. We also present simulations and analysis to show the superior characteristics of our scheme against both passive attacks and active attacks.