Evaluation of feature extraction techniques for robust watermarking

  • Authors:

  • Hae-Yeoun Lee;In Koo Kang;Heung-Kyu Lee;Young-Ho Suh

  • Affiliations:

  • Department of EECS, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea;Department of EECS, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea;Department of EECS, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea;Digital Content Research Division, Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute, Daejeon, Republic of Korea

  • Venue:
  • IWDW'05 Proceedings of the 4th international conference on Digital Watermarking
  • Year:
  • 2005

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Abstract

This paper addresses feature extraction techniques for robust watermarking. Geometric distortion attacks desynchronize the location of the inserted watermark and hence prevent watermark detection. Watermark synchronization, which is a process of finding the location for watermark insertion and detection, is crucial to design robust watermarking. One solution is to use image features. This paper reviews feature extraction techniques that have been used in featurebased watermarking: the Harris corner detector and the Mexican Hat wavelet scale interaction method. We also evaluate the scale-invariant keypoint extractor in comparison with other techniques in aspect of watermarking. After feature extraction, the set of triangles is generated by Delaunay tessellation. These triangles are the location for watermark insertion and detection. Redetection ratio of triangles is evaluated against geometric distortion attacks as well as signal processing attacks. Experimental results show that the scale-invariant keypoint extractor is appropriate for robust watermarking.