Bounds on the efficiency of “black-box” commitment schemes

  • Authors:
  • Omer Horvitz;Jonathan Katz

  • Affiliations:
  • Department of Computer Science, University of Maryland, College Park, MD;Department of Computer Science, University of Maryland, College Park, MD

  • Venue:
  • ICALP'05 Proceedings of the 32nd international conference on Automata, Languages and Programming
  • Year:
  • 2005

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Abstract

Constructions of cryptographic primitives based on general assumptions (e.g., the existence of one-way functions) tend to be less efficient than constructions based on specific (e.g., number-theoretic) assumptions. This has prompted a recent line of research aimed at investigating the best possible efficiency of (black-box) constructions based on general assumptions. Here, we present bounds on the efficiency of statistically-binding commitment schemes constructed using black-box access to one-way permutations; our bounds are tight for the case of perfectly-binding schemes. We present the bounds in an extension of the Impagliazzo-Rudich model; that is, we show that any construction beating our bounds would imply the unconditional existence of a one-way function (from which a commitment scheme could be constructed “from scratch”). Our analysis is the first in the area to pertain directly to an information-theoretic component of the security notion.