Bidirectional associative memories
IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man and Cybernetics
Self-organization and associative memory: 3rd edition
Self-organization and associative memory: 3rd edition
Neighbor-layer updating in MBDS for the recall of pure bipolar patterns in gray-scale noise
IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks
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We consider a class of auto-associative memories, namely, “associative cubes” in which gray-level images and the hidden orthogonal basis functions such as Walsh-Hadamard or Fourier kernels, are mixed and updated in the weight cubes, C. First, we develop an unsupervised learning procedure based upon the adaptive recursive algorithm. Here, each 2D training image is mapped into the associated 1D wavelet in the least-squares sense during the training phase. Second, we show how the recall procedure minimizes the recognition errors with a competitive network in the hidden layer. As the images corrupted by noises are applied to an associative cube, the nearest one among the original training images would be retrieved in the sense of the minimum Euclidean squared norm during the recall phase. The simulation results confirm the robustness of associative cubes even if the test data are heavily distorted by noises.