Directed diffusion: a scalable and robust communication paradigm for sensor networks
MobiCom '00 Proceedings of the 6th annual international conference on Mobile computing and networking
SPINS: security protocols for sensor networks
Proceedings of the 7th annual international conference on Mobile computing and networking
Wireless sensor networks: a survey
Computer Networks: The International Journal of Computer and Telecommunications Networking
Directed diffusion for wireless sensor networking
IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking (TON)
The Impact of Data Aggregation in Wireless Sensor Networks
ICDCSW '02 Proceedings of the 22nd International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems
On Communication Security in Wireless Ad-Hoc Sensor Networks
WETICE '02 Proceedings of the 11th IEEE International Workshops on Enabling Technologies: nfrastructure for Collaborative Enterprises
LEAP: efficient security mechanisms for large-scale distributed sensor networks
Proceedings of the 10th ACM conference on Computer and communications security
Secure sensor networks for perimeter protection
Computer Networks: The International Journal of Computer and Telecommunications Networking - Special issue: Wireless sensor networks
A secure hierarchical model for sensor network
ACM SIGMOD Record
Multilevel μTESLA: Broadcast authentication for distributed sensor networks
ACM Transactions on Embedded Computing Systems (TECS)
A Study of the Energy Consumption Characteristics of Cryptographic Algorithms and Security Protocols
IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing
A Hierarchical Secure Routing Protocol against Black Hole Attacks in Sensor Networks
SUTC '06 Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Sensor Networks, Ubiquitous, and Trustworthy Computing -Vol 1 (SUTC'06) - Volume 01
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Wireless sensor networks are highly prone to security threats due to resource constraints and the broadcast nature of the transmission medium. Directed diffusion protocol is one of the routing protocols for wireless sensor networks that are not designed with security in mind and are particularly susceptible to different security attacks. In this paper, a secure routing protocol for wireless sensor networks, based on the directed diffusion routing algorithm, is presented. The proposed secure routing protocol uses the μTESLA (micro Timed, Efficient, Streaming, Loss-tolerant Authentication) broadcasting authentication algorithm in order to authenticate the acknowledgement messages sent from the sink to the source nodes for confirming the delivery of the data-event messages. A simulation based performance evaluation for the proposed protocol was conducted against black hole and acknowledgement-spoofing attacks. Simulations show that, compared to the original directed diffusion protocol, the proposed secure routing protocol achieved better event-delivery and event-dropping ratios. However, it resulted higher cost in the mean dissipated energy and average delay in some situations due to acknowledgement and authentication processes for delivered events and also due to the retransmissions of non-acknowledged events.