A two-dimensional Neighborhood Preserving Projection for appearance-based face recognition

Authors:
Haijun Zhang;Q. M. Jonathan Wu;Tommy W. S. Chow;Mingbo Zhao
Affiliations:
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Windsor, 401 Sunset Avenue, Windsor, Ontario, Canada;Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Windsor, 401 Sunset Avenue, Windsor, Ontario, Canada;Department of Electronic Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong;Department of Electronic Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong
Venue:
Pattern Recognition
Year:
2012

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Abstract

This paper presents a two-dimensional Neighborhood Preserving Projection (2DNPP) for appearance-based face representation and recognition. 2DNPP enables us to directly use a feature input of 2D image matrices rather than 1D vectors. We use the same neighborhood weighting procedure that is involved in NPP to form the nearest neighbor affinity graph. Theoretical analysis of the connection between 2DNPP and other 2D methods is presented as well. We conduct extensive experimental verifications to evaluate the performance of 2DNPP on three face image datasets, i.e. ORL, UMIST, and AR face datasets. The results corroborate that 2DNPP outperforms the standard NPP approach across all experiments with respect to recognition rate and training time. 2DNPP delivers consistently promising results compared with other competing methods such as 2DLPP, 2DLDA, 2DPCA, ONPP, OLPP, LPP, LDA, and PCA.