Solving crossword puzzles as probabilistic constraint satisfaction
AAAI '99/IAAI '99 Proceedings of the sixteenth national conference on Artificial intelligence and the eleventh Innovative applications of artificial intelligence conference innovative applications of artificial intelligence
Proverb: the probabilistic cruciverbalist
AAAI '99/IAAI '99 Proceedings of the sixteenth national conference on Artificial intelligence and the eleventh Innovative applications of artificial intelligence conference innovative applications of artificial intelligence
Scaling question answering to the web
ACM Transactions on Information Systems (TOIS)
A probabilistic approach to solving crossword puzzles
Artificial Intelligence - Chips challenging champions: games, computers and Artificial Intelligence
On the algorithmic implementation of multiclass kernel-based vector machines
The Journal of Machine Learning Research
Support vector machine learning for interdependent and structured output spaces
ICML '04 Proceedings of the twenty-first international conference on Machine learning
Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research
Search lessons learned from crossword puzzles
AAAI'90 Proceedings of the eighth National conference on Artificial intelligence - Volume 1
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Crosswords is over 90 years old, yet it is still one of the most popular puzzles around the world. It is in fact a linguistic game which requires a wide knowledge in different domains and the ability to crack enigmatic clues, that are often regarded as inherent human capabilities. Unlike chess, crossword solving does not require strong skills for the actuation of strategic plans, but the linguistic specifications is in itself a source of enormous difficulty for machines. This paper discusses the problem of automatic crossword solving with special emphasis to the WebCrow project carried out at the University of Siena. After a brief historical description of the evolution of crosswords, the paper gives a formalization of the main problems to be faced and provides a number of relevant architectural issues behind cracking crosswords. In particular, it is claimed that the Web is likely to be the most important source for the development of challenging programs based on clue answering, a sort of question answering mechanism in which the machine is expected to return candidate word solutions.