Xen and the art of virtualization
SOSP '03 Proceedings of the nineteenth ACM symposium on Operating systems principles
A case for high performance computing with virtual machines
Proceedings of the 20th annual international conference on Supercomputing
Characterization & analysis of a server consolidation benchmark
Proceedings of the fourth ACM SIGPLAN/SIGOPS international conference on Virtual execution environments
Modeling and performance analysis of large scale IaaS Clouds
Future Generation Computer Systems
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As one of pivotal components, the efficiency of virtual machine monitor(VMM) will largely impact the performance of a virtualization system. Therefore, evaluating the performance of VMMs adopting different virtualization technologies becomes more and more important. This paper selects three typical open source VMMs(i.e. OpenVZ, Xen and KVM) as the delegates of operating system-level virtualization, para-virtualization and full-virtualization to evaluate their performance with a combinative method that measures their macro-performance and micro-performance as a black box and analyzes their performance characteristic as a white box. By correlating the analysis results of two-granularity performance data, some potential performance bottlenecks come out.