Synchronization models for multimedia presentation with user participation
MULTIMEDIA '93 Proceedings of the first ACM international conference on Multimedia
Maintaining knowledge about temporal intervals
Communications of the ACM
A 2-D MPEG-4 multimedia authoring tool
Proceedings of the 2nd international conference on Computer graphics, virtual Reality, visualisation and interaction in Africa
Authoring Temporal Scenarios in Interactive MPEG-4 Contents
PCM '02 Proceedings of the Third IEEE Pacific Rim Conference on Multimedia: Advances in Multimedia Information Processing
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An MPEG-4 scene is the specification for generating interactive multimedia contents. Each object constituting an MPEG-4 scene runs according to its own run time. Likewise, it should support the update of predefined temporal relations and attributes by the user event taking place during run time. Nonetheless, BIFS, which is the scene description of MPEG-4, does not support the temporal relations among the objects; neither is it capable of controlling the variance of temporal properties by user events. This paper defined the temporal relations and its related events that are helpful to the effective authoring of MPEG-4 and introduced temporal constraints to generate error-free scenes for user events taking place during run time. Furthermore, an authoring system of MPEG-4 contents was developed together with this application.