Logical definability of NP optimization problems
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We introduce and study certain classes of optimization problems over the real numbers. The classes are defined by logical means, relying on metafinite model theory for so called ℝ-structures (see [9],[8]). More precisely, based on a real analogue of Fagin's theorem [9] we deal with two classes MAX-NPℝ and MIN-NPℝ of maximization and minimization problems, respectively, and figure out their intrinsic logical structure. It is proven that MAX-NPℝ decomposes into four natural subclasses, whereas MIN-NPℝ decomposes into two. This gives a real number analogue of a result by Kolaitis and Thakur [10] in the Turing model. Our proofs mainly use techniques from [13]. Finally, approximation issues are briefly discussed.