Software engineering for safety: a roadmap
Proceedings of the Conference on The Future of Software Engineering
Two Views on Security Software Liability: Let the Legal System Decide
IEEE Security and Privacy
Who Is Liable for Insecure Systems?
Computer
Security and Privacy for Implantable Medical Devices
IEEE Pervasive Computing
Pacemakers and Implantable Cardiac Defibrillators: Software Radio Attacks and Zero-Power Defenses
SP '08 Proceedings of the 2008 IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy
A framework for the safe interoperability of medical devices in the presence of network failures
Proceedings of the 1st ACM/IEEE International Conference on Cyber-Physical Systems
Experimental Security Analysis of a Modern Automobile
SP '10 Proceedings of the 2010 IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy
A taxonomy of vulnerabilities in implantable medical devices
Proceedings of the second annual workshop on Security and privacy in medical and home-care systems
ITNG '11 Proceedings of the 2011 Eighth International Conference on Information Technology: New Generations
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As more devices that affect their environment come into use, their proper functioning to protect the welfare of their charges is a concern. Examples include assistive transport devices, robotics, drug delivery systems, etc. Here privacy is not the primary concern, instead it is safety. Given that there are many instances of medical devices not being developed to be secure, plus the standard of practice for security with robotics and other cyber-physical devices, the issue needs consideration. These systems are not only vulnerable to intentional attack, but can cause harm inadvertently by unexpected interaction from other systems. This paper discusses security challenges of expanded use of cyber-physical devices in assistive environments and provides suggestions to improve the security and safety of these devices in the future.