SWATCH: a stepwise adaptive clustering hierarchy in wireless sensor networks

Authors:
Quanhong Wang;Kenan Xu;Hossam Hassanein;Glen Takahara
Affiliations:
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Queen's University, Canada;Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Queen's University, Canada;School of Computing, Queen's University, Canada;Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Queen's University, Canada
Venue:
NETWORKING'05 Proceedings of the 4th IFIP-TC6 international conference on Networking Technologies, Services, and Protocols; Performance of Computer and Communication Networks; Mobile and Wireless Communication Systems
Year:
2005

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Abstract

Distributed clustering techniques are considered effective and practical for power-saving in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). In this paper, we propose a novel cluster formation scheme in WSNs, called StepWise AdapTive Clustering Hierarchy (SWATCH). SWATCH aims to solve the ClusterHead (CH) number uncertainty problem common to existing distributed clustering schemes, while keeping the desirable properties of self-organization, simplicity and dynamic adaptation. We develop a two-tier hierarchical Markov chain model to track the operation of SWATCH. Based on this model, we derive formulations of the statistical properties of our proposed scheme. Numerical results verify the design objectives in that the number of selected clusterheads highly conforms to the optimal value.