Design, implementation, and experiments on outdoor deployment of wireless sensor network for environmental monitoring

Authors:
Jukka Suhonen;Mikko Kohvakka;Marko Hännikäinen;Timo D. Hämäläinen
Affiliations:
Institute of Computer and Digital Systems, Tampere University of Technology, Finland;Institute of Computer and Digital Systems, Tampere University of Technology, Finland;Institute of Computer and Digital Systems, Tampere University of Technology, Finland;Institute of Computer and Digital Systems, Tampere University of Technology, Finland
Venue:
SAMOS'06 Proceedings of the 6th international conference on Embedded Computer Systems: architectures, Modeling, and Simulation
Year:
2006

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Abstract

This paper presents the design, implementation, and practical real world experiments of an energy optimized multi-hop wireless sensor network (WSN) targeted at environmental monitoring. The WSN is fully autonomous and consists of energy-efficient and scalable communication protocols and low-power hardware platform. Software tools are developed for configuring and analyzing large scale networks. The network has been deployed in outdoor environment consisting of 20 nodes covering over 2 km2 area. The results show that the multi-hop network works autonomously, reacts to environmental changes, and is able to operate temperatures down to -30 °C. The hardware nodes operating on 433 MHz frequency provide over 1 km communication distances, while still having sufficient throughput and low energy consumption. The deployed nodes had a lifetime of 6 months with a 1600 mAh battery, while generating 4 packets per minute.