Sequential PAttern mining using a bitmap representation
Proceedings of the eighth ACM SIGKDD international conference on Knowledge discovery and data mining
An eye-tracking methodology for characterizing program comprehension processes
Proceedings of the 2006 symposium on Eye tracking research & applications
Temporal eye-tracking data: evolution of debugging strategies with multiple representations
Proceedings of the 2008 symposium on Eye tracking research & applications
Robust Generation of Dynamic Data Structure Visualizations with Multiple Interaction Approaches
ACM Transactions on Computing Education (TOCE) - Special Issue on the 5th Program Visualization Workshop (PVW’08)
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Integrated Development Environments (IDE) generate multiple graphical and textual representations of programs. Co-ordination of these representations during program comprehension and debugging can be a complex task. In order to better understand the role and effectiveness of multiple representations, we conducted an empirical study of Java program debugging with a professional, multi-representation IDE. We found that program code and dynamic representations (dynamic viewer, variable watch and output) attracted the most attention of programmers. Static representations like Unified Modeling Language (UML) Diagrams and Control Structure Diagrams (CSD) saw significantly lesser usage. We analyzed gaze patterns by segmenting the debugging sessions into three, five and fifteen minute intervals, and classifying gazes into short and long gazes. Novel data mining techniques were used to detect high frequency patterns from eye tracking data. Visual pattern differences were found among participants based on their programming experience, familiarity with the IDE and debugging performance.