Language theoretical properties of hairpin formations

  • Authors:
  • Volker Diekert;Steffen Kopecki

  • Affiliations:
  • University of Stuttgart, Institute for Formal Methods in Computer Science (FMI), Universitätsstraβe 38, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany;University of Stuttgart, Institute for Formal Methods in Computer Science (FMI), Universitätsstraβe 38, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany and The University of Western Ontario, Department of Comp ...

  • Venue:
  • Theoretical Computer Science
  • Year:
  • 2012

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Abstract

Hairpin formations arise in biochemical processes and play an important role in DNA-computing. We study language theoretical properties of hairpin formations and our new results concern the hairpin completion H"@k(L"1,L"2) of two regular languages L"1 and L"2 and the iterated hairpin lengthening HL"@k^*(L) of any language L. Assume that L"1 and L"2 belong to a certain variety of regular languages which satisfies a mild closure property (being closed by a restricted concatenation), then either H"@k(L"1,L"2) is not regular or it belongs to the same variety as L"1 and L"2. This result applies, in particular, to the class of first-order definable languages (which is the class of aperiodic or star-free languages) and it applies to the class of first-order definable languages in two variables with predicates