Measuring praise and criticism: Inference of semantic orientation from association
ACM Transactions on Information Systems (TOIS)
Word sense disambiguation with pattern learning and automatic feature selection
Natural Language Engineering
Predicting the semantic orientation of adjectives
ACL '98 Proceedings of the 35th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics and Eighth Conference of the European Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics
Effects of adjective orientation and gradability on sentence subjectivity
COLING '00 Proceedings of the 18th conference on Computational linguistics - Volume 1
Mining and summarizing customer reviews
Proceedings of the tenth ACM SIGKDD international conference on Knowledge discovery and data mining
HLT '93 Proceedings of the workshop on Human Language Technology
Using appraisal groups for sentiment analysis
Proceedings of the 14th ACM international conference on Information and knowledge management
A bootstrapping method for learning semantic lexicons using extraction pattern contexts
EMNLP '02 Proceedings of the ACL-02 conference on Empirical methods in natural language processing - Volume 10
Learning subjective nouns using extraction pattern bootstrapping
CONLL '03 Proceedings of the seventh conference on Natural language learning at HLT-NAACL 2003 - Volume 4
EMNLP '03 Proceedings of the 2003 conference on Empirical methods in natural language processing
A sentimental education: sentiment analysis using subjectivity summarization based on minimum cuts
ACL '04 Proceedings of the 42nd Annual Meeting on Association for Computational Linguistics
Word sense disambiguation criteria: a systematic study
COLING '04 Proceedings of the 20th international conference on Computational Linguistics
Affect analysis of text using fuzzy semantic typing
IEEE Transactions on Fuzzy Systems
SemEval-2007 task 14: affective text
SemEval '07 Proceedings of the 4th International Workshop on Semantic Evaluations
Disambiguating dynamic sentiment ambiguous adjectives
COLING '10 Proceedings of the 23rd International Conference on Computational Linguistics
SemEval-2010 task 18: disambiguating sentiment ambiguous adjectives
Language Resources and Evaluation
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We present a sentiment tagging system which is based on multiple bootstrapping runs on WordNet synsets and glosses using different non-intersecting seed lists of manually annotated words. The system is further enhanced by the addition of a module for partial sense disambiguation of sentiment-bearing adjectives using combinatorial patterns. This (1) enables sentiment annotation at the sense, rather than whole word level, and (2) provides an effective tool for the automatic cleaning of the lists of sentiment-annotated words. The resulting cleaned list of 2907 English sentiment-bearing adjectives achieved a performance comparable to that of human annotation, as evaluated by the agreement rate between two manually annotated lists of sentiment-marked adjectives. The issues of sentiment tag extraction, evaluation and precision/recall tradeoffs are discussed.