Neural network learning and expert systems
Neural network learning and expert systems
C4.5: programs for machine learning
C4.5: programs for machine learning
Pattern Classification (2nd Edition)
Pattern Classification (2nd Edition)
Combining Pattern Classifiers: Methods and Algorithms
Combining Pattern Classifiers: Methods and Algorithms
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Decision Tree (DT) technology with its sequential decision process composed of hard thresholds applied to individual features is often not an optimal choice. But DTs are typically credited with being predictive structures that a domain specialist can interpret as opposed to a ‘black-box' neural network, for example. There are two anticipated classes of benefit when Artificial Intelligence technology is applied to medicine: automation of decision making and enhancement of medical knowledge. In this paper we present the use of Bayes-ian averaging as a principled approach to optimal classifier systems using DT technology in which a confidence rating can be associated with every predicted result. However, averaging over an ensemble of DTs causes the problem that such an ensemble becomes uninterpretable. Thus we also present a procedure for extracting interpretable ‘archetype' DTs. We demonstrate these innovations by application to Trauma data.