Charting past, present, and future research in ubiquitous computing
ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction (TOCHI) - Special issue on human-computer interaction in the new millennium, Part 1
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Although context-aware and autonomous services could eventually automatically adapt home environments to user needs, there is a risk of creating environments in which people experience a lack of control. The perceived level of user control in aware home environments might be correlated to the level of system initiative. Consequently, perceived user control might be improved by dynamically adapting the system-initiative level to the individual users and context. Towards creating the optimal balance between system-initiative and user control in a sensitive and personalized home environment, an experimental study has been conducted in a realistic setting. In the experiment, participants were willing to give up partial control. However, participants regularly switched to manual control in order to slightly change system settings. The study suggests a feedback mechanism is crucial to improve system behavior in time, and increase the acceptability of autonomous services in the home.