Robust audio watermarking based on low-order zernike moments

  • Authors:
  • Shijun Xiang;Jiwu Huang;Rui Yang;Chuntao Wang;Hongmei Liu

  • Affiliations:
  • School of Information Science and Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China;School of Information Science and Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China;School of Information Science and Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China;School of Information Science and Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China;School of Information Science and Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China

  • Venue:
  • IWDW'06 Proceedings of the 5th international conference on Digital Watermarking
  • Year:
  • 2006

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Abstract

Extensive testing shows that the audio Zernike moments in lower orders are very robust to common signal processing operations, such as MP3 compression, low-pass filtering, etc. Based on the observations, in this paper, a robust watermark scheme is proposed by embedding the bits into the low-order moments. By analyzing and deducting the linear relationship between the audio amplitude and moments, watermarking the low-order moments is achieved in time domain by scaling sample values directly. Thus, the degradation in audio reconstruction from a limited number of watermarked Zernike moments is avoided. Experimental works show that the proposed algorithm achieves strong robustness performance due to the superiorities of exploited low-order moments.