Video Google: A Text Retrieval Approach to Object Matching in Videos
ICCV '03 Proceedings of the Ninth IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision - Volume 2
Geographic location tags on digital images
MULTIMEDIA '03 Proceedings of the eleventh ACM international conference on Multimedia
Distinctive Image Features from Scale-Invariant Keypoints
International Journal of Computer Vision
Context data in geo-referenced digital photo collections
Proceedings of the 12th annual ACM international conference on Multimedia
Scalable Recognition with a Vocabulary Tree
CVPR '06 Proceedings of the 2006 IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition - Volume 2
Generating summaries and visualization for large collections of geo-referenced photographs
MIR '06 Proceedings of the 8th ACM international workshop on Multimedia information retrieval
Towards extracting flickr tag semantics
Proceedings of the 16th international conference on World Wide Web
World explorer: visualizing aggregate data from unstructured text in geo-referenced collections
Proceedings of the 7th ACM/IEEE-CS joint conference on Digital libraries
Towards automatic extraction of event and place semantics from flickr tags
SIGIR '07 Proceedings of the 30th annual international ACM SIGIR conference on Research and development in information retrieval
Proceedings of the 15th international conference on Multimedia
Generating diverse and representative image search results for landmarks
Proceedings of the 17th international conference on World Wide Web
Proceedings of the ACM multimedia 2012 workshop on Geotagging and its applications in multimedia
Latent geographic feature extraction from social media
Proceedings of the 20th International Conference on Advances in Geographic Information Systems
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This paper introduces methods for automatic annotation of landmark photographs via learning textual tags and visual features of landmarks from landmark photographs that are appropriately location-tagged from social media. By analyzing spatial distributions of text tags from Flickr's geotagged photos, we identify thousands of tags that likely refer to landmarks. Further verification by utilizing Wikipedia articles filters out non-landmark tags. Association analysis is used to find the containment relationship between landmark tags and other geographic names, thus forming a geographic hierarchy. Photographs relevant to each landmark tag were retrieved from Flickr and distinctive visual features were extracted from them. The results form ontology for landmarks, including their names, equivalent names, geographic hierarchy, and visual features. We also propose an efficient indexing method for content-based landmark search. The resultant ontology could be used in tag suggestion and content-relevant re-ranking.