The ecology of computation
Advances in computers
Swarm intelligence: from natural to artificial systems
Swarm intelligence: from natural to artificial systems
Future Generation Computer Systems
Nitric Oxide Signalling in Real and Artificial Neural Networks
BT Technology Journal
Self-Organising Pattern Formation: Fruit Flies and Cell Phones
PPSN V Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Parallel Problem Solving from Nature
Adaptive Control Utilising Neural Swarming
GECCO '02 Proceedings of the Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference
An Ant Colony System Hybridized with a New Local Search for the Sequential Ordering Problem
INFORMS Journal on Computing
Ant Colony Optimization
A Novel Multiobjective Particle Swarm Optimization for Buoys-Arrangement Design
IAT '04 Proceedings of the IEEE/WIC/ACM International Conference on Intelligent Agent Technology
A Novel Ant Clustering Algorithm Based on Cellular Automata
IAT '04 Proceedings of the IEEE/WIC/ACM International Conference on Intelligent Agent Technology
Fuzzy Discrete Particle Swarm Optimization for Solving Traveling Salesman Problem
CIT '04 Proceedings of the The Fourth International Conference on Computer and Information Technology
A Swarm Approach for Emission Sources Localization
ICTAI '04 Proceedings of the 16th IEEE International Conference on Tools with Artificial Intelligence
A Biologically Inspired QoS Routing Algorithm for Mobile Ad Hoc Networks
AINA '05 Proceedings of the 19th International Conference on Advanced Information Networking and Applications - Volume 1
Computers and Operations Research
Swarming agents for discovering clusters in spatial data
ISPDC'03 Proceedings of the Second international conference on Parallel and distributed computing
Parallelism errors evaluation using a hybrid optimisation algorithm
International Journal of Computer Applications in Technology
International Journal of Swarm Intelligence Research
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Biological processes and methods have been influencing science and technology for many decades. The ideas of feedback and control processes Norbert Wiener used in his cybernetics were based on observation of these phenomena in biological systems. Artificial intelligence and intelligent systems have been fundamentally interested in the phenomenology of living systems, namely perception, decision-making, action, and learning. Natural systems exhibit many properties that form fundamentals for a number of nature inspired applications – dynamics, flexibility, robustness, self-organisation, simplicity of basic elements, and decentralization. This paper reviews examples of nature inspired software applications focused on optimization problems, mostly drawing inspiration from collective behaviour of social colonies.