Enhancing security and privacy in biometrics-based authentication systems
IBM Systems Journal - End-to-end security
Two-factor authentication: too little, too late
Communications of the ACM - Transforming China
An analysis of BioHashing and its variants
Pattern Recognition
Handbook of Biometrics
An analysis on accuracy of cancelable biometrics based on biohashing
KES'05 Proceedings of the 9th international conference on Knowledge-Based Intelligent Information and Engineering Systems - Volume Part III
Efficient iris recognition by characterizing key local variations
IEEE Transactions on Image Processing
An introduction to biometric recognition
IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology
Biometric hash: high-confidence face recognition
IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology
A bio-cryptographic system based on offline signature images
Information Sciences: an International Journal
Journal of Intelligent Manufacturing
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Two-factor authentication has been introduced in order to enhance security in authentication systems. Different factors have been introduced, which are combined for means of controlling access. The increasing demand for high security applications has led to a growing interest in biometrics. As a result several two-factor authentication systems are designed to include biometric authentication. In this work the risk of result distortion during performance evaluations of two-factor authentication systems including biometrics is pointed out. Existing approaches to two-factor biometric authentication systems are analyzed. Based on iris biometrics a case study is presented, which demonstrates the trap of untruly increasing recognition rates by introducing a second authentication factor to a biometric authentication system. Consequently, several requirements for performance evaluations of two-factor biometric authentication systems are stated.