Minimizing conflicts: a heuristic repair method for constraint satisfaction and scheduling problems
Artificial Intelligence - Special volume on constraint-based reasoning
New methods to color the vertices of a graph
Communications of the ACM
Automated discovery of local search heuristics for satisfiability testing
Evolutionary Computation
Hyper-heuristics for the dynamic variable ordering in constraint satisfaction problems
Proceedings of the 10th annual conference on Genetic and evolutionary computation
Proceedings of the 11th Annual Conference Companion on Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference: Late Breaking Papers
High performance ATP systems by combining several AI methods
IJCAI'97 Proceedings of the 15th international joint conference on Artifical intelligence - Volume 1
Where the really hard problems are
IJCAI'91 Proceedings of the 12th international joint conference on Artificial intelligence - Volume 1
Proceedings of the 13th annual conference companion on Genetic and evolutionary computation
Learning vector quantization for variable ordering in constraint satisfaction problems
Pattern Recognition Letters
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Constraint Satisfaction Problems (CSP) represent an important topic of study because of their many applications in different areas of artificial intelligence and operational research. When solving a CSP, the order in which the variables are selected to be instantiated and the order of the corresponding values to be tried affect the complexity of the search. Hyper-heuristics are flexible methods that provide generality when solving different problems and, within CSP, they can be used to determine the next variable and value to try. They select from a set of low-level heuristics and decide which one to apply at each decision point according to the problem state. This study explores a hyper-heuristic model for variable and value ordering within CSP based on a decision matrix hyper-heuristic that is constructed by going into a local improvement method that changes small portions of the matrix. The results suggest that the approach is able to combine the strengths of different low-level heuristics to perform well on a wide range of instances and compensate for their weaknesses on specific instances.