Interactions between object and space systems revealed through neuropsychology
Attention and performance XIV (silver jubilee volume)
Action Related Determinants of Spatial Coding in Perception and Memory
Spatial Cognition II, Integrating Abstract Theories, Empirical Studies, Formal Methods, and Practical Applications
Acquisition of cognitive aspect maps
Spatial cognition III
Identifying factors of geographic event conceptualisation
International Journal of Geographical Information Science
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Cities on a map that are directly connected by a route are judged closer than unconnected cities. This route effect has been attributed to memory distortions induced by the integration of map information with high-level knowledge about implications of route connections. However, depicted routes also connect cities visually, thereby creating a single visual object—which implies a perceptual basis of the route effect. In this article we show that the effect does not depend on whether a map is presented as a map or as a meaningless pattern of symbols and lines (Experiment 1), and that the effect occurs even if spatial judgments are made vis-à-vis a permanently visible configuration (Experiment 2). These findings suggest that the distorted spatial representation is a by-product of perceptual organization, not of the integration of abstract knowledge in memory by given organization principles.