The DASH prototype: implementation and performance
ISCA '92 Proceedings of the 19th annual international symposium on Computer architecture
Lazy consistency using loosely synchronized clocks
PODC '97 Proceedings of the sixteenth annual ACM symposium on Principles of distributed computing
Update propagation protocols for replicated databates
SIGMOD '99 Proceedings of the 1999 ACM SIGMOD international conference on Management of data
Data structures for mobile data
SODA '97 Proceedings of the eighth annual ACM-SIAM symposium on Discrete algorithms
Chord: A scalable peer-to-peer lookup service for internet applications
Proceedings of the 2001 conference on Applications, technologies, architectures, and protocols for computer communications
Techniques for handling scale and distribution in virtual worlds
EW 7 Proceedings of the 7th workshop on ACM SIGOPS European workshop: Systems support for worldwide applications
An Efficient Partitioning Algorithm for Distributed Virtual Environment Systems
IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems
Network infrastructure for massively distributed games
NetGames '02 Proceedings of the 1st workshop on Network and system support for games
Implementation of a service platform for online games
Proceedings of 3rd ACM SIGCOMM workshop on Network and system support for games
Locality aware dynamic load management for massively multiplayer games
Proceedings of the tenth ACM SIGPLAN symposium on Principles and practice of parallel programming
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Building a distributed middleware infrastructure that provides the low latency required for massively multiplayer games while still maintaining consistency is non-trivial. Previous attempts have used static partitioning or client-based peer-to-peer techniques that do not scale well to a large number of players, perform poorly under dynamic workloads or hotspots, and impose significant programming burdens on game developers. We show that it is possible to build a scalable distributed system, called Matrix, that is easily usable by game developers. We show experimentally that Matrix provides good performance, especially when hotspots occur.