Attention, intentions, and the structure of discourse
Computational Linguistics
Graph-based generation of referring expressions
Computational Linguistics
Generating referring expressions involving relations
EACL '91 Proceedings of the fifth conference on European chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics
Cooking up referring expressions
ACL '89 Proceedings of the 27th annual meeting on Association for Computational Linguistics
Generating minimal definite descriptions
ACL '02 Proceedings of the 40th Annual Meeting on Association for Computational Linguistics
Data Mining: Practical Machine Learning Tools and Techniques, Second Edition (Morgan Kaufmann Series in Data Management Systems)
Conceptual coherence in the generation of referring expressions
COLING-ACL '06 Proceedings of the COLING/ACL on Main conference poster sessions
The TUNA-REG Challenge 2009: overview and evaluation results
ENLG '09 Proceedings of the 12th European Workshop on Natural Language Generation
Algorithms for generating referring expressions: do they do what people do?
INLG '06 Proceedings of the Fourth International Natural Language Generation Conference
The use of spatial relations in referring expression generation
INLG '08 Proceedings of the Fifth International Natural Language Generation Conference
The TUNA challenge 2008: overview and evaluation results
INLG '08 Proceedings of the Fifth International Natural Language Generation Conference
Preferences versus adaptation during referring expression generation
ACLShort '10 Proceedings of the ACL 2010 Conference Short Papers
Attribute-centric referring expression generation
Empirical methods in natural language generation
Generating subsequent reference in shared visual scenes: computation vs. re-use
EMNLP '11 Proceedings of the Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing
GRE3D7: a corpus of distinguishing descriptions for objects in visual scenes
UCNLG+EVAL '11 Proceedings of the UCNLG+Eval: Language Generation and Evaluation Workshop
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Traditional approaches to referring expression generation (REG) have taken as a fundamental requirement the need to distinguish the intended referent from other entities in the context. It seems obvious that this should be a necessary condition for successful reference; but we suggest that a number of recent investigations cast doubt on the significance of this aspect of reference. In the present paper, we look at the role of visual context in determining the content of a referring expression, and come to the conclusion that, at least in the referential scenarios underlying our data, visual context appears not to be a major factor in content determination for reference. We discuss the implications of this surprising finding.