An efficient approach for two-dimensional parameter estimation of a single-tone
IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing
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Starting with the maximum-likelihood (ML) formulation, three iterative algorithms for approximate ML frequency estimation of a two-dimensional (2-D) complex sinusoid in white Gaussian noise are developed. Mean and variance analyses of the proposed methods are provided, which show that they are approximately unbiased and their performance achieves Cramer-Rao lower bound (CRLB) at sufficiently high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) conditions. Computer simulation results are included to corroborate the theoretical development as well as to contrast the performance of the proposed algorithms with Kay's estimators and the CRLB