A Proof Procedure for Data Dependencies
Journal of the ACM (JACM)
SIGMOD '94 Proceedings of the 1994 ACM SIGMOD international conference on Management of data
Integrating information by outerjoins and full disjunctions (extended abstract)
PODS '96 Proceedings of the fifteenth ACM SIGACT-SIGMOD-SIGART symposium on Principles of database systems
Testing implications of data dependencies
ACM Transactions on Database Systems (TODS)
Data integration: a theoretical perspective
Proceedings of the twenty-first ACM SIGMOD-SIGACT-SIGART symposium on Principles of database systems
A survey of approaches to automatic schema matching
The VLDB Journal — The International Journal on Very Large Data Bases
Optimizing ETL Processes in Data Warehouses
ICDE '05 Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on Data Engineering
Schema mappings, data exchange, and metadata management
Proceedings of the twenty-fourth ACM SIGMOD-SIGACT-SIGART symposium on Principles of database systems
Supporting executable mappings in model management
Proceedings of the 2005 ACM SIGMOD international conference on Management of data
Semantic adaptation of schema mappings when schemas evolve
VLDB '05 Proceedings of the 31st international conference on Very large data bases
HePToX: marrying XML and heterogeneity in your P2P databases
VLDB '05 Proceedings of the 31st international conference on Very large data bases
Data exchange: semantics and query answering
Theoretical Computer Science - Database theory
Composing schema mappings: Second-order dependencies to the rescue
ACM Transactions on Database Systems (TODS) - Special Issue: SIGMOD/PODS 2004
Nested mappings: schema mapping reloaded
VLDB '06 Proceedings of the 32nd international conference on Very large data bases
Composition of mappings given by embedded dependencies
ACM Transactions on Database Systems (TODS)
VLDB '02 Proceedings of the 28th international conference on Very Large Data Bases
Composing mappings among data sources
VLDB '03 Proceedings of the 29th international conference on Very large data bases - Volume 29
Mapping adaptation under evolving schemas
VLDB '03 Proceedings of the 29th international conference on Very large data bases - Volume 29
Orchid: Integrating Schema Mapping and ETL
ICDE '08 Proceedings of the 2008 IEEE 24th International Conference on Data Engineering
Reverse data exchange: coping with nulls
Proceedings of the twenty-eighth ACM SIGMOD-SIGACT-SIGART symposium on Principles of database systems
Clio: Schema Mapping Creation and Data Exchange
Conceptual Modeling: Foundations and Applications
MapMerge: correlating independent schema mappings
Proceedings of the VLDB Endowment
Value invention in data exchange
Proceedings of the 2013 ACM SIGMOD International Conference on Management of Data
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One of the main steps toward integration or exchange of data is to design the mappings that describe the (often complex) relationships between the source schemas or formats and the desired target schema. In this paper, we introduce a new operator, called MapMerge, that can be used to correlate multiple, independently designed schema mappings of smaller scope into larger schema mappings. This allows a more modular construction of complex mappings from various types of smaller mappings such as schema correspondences produced by a schema matcher or pre-existing mappings that were designed by either a human user or via mapping tools. In particular, the new operator also enables a new "divide-and-merge" paradigm for mapping creation, where the design is divided (on purpose) into smaller components that are easier to create and understand and where MapMerge is used to automatically generate a meaningful overall mapping. We describe our MapMerge algorithm and demonstrate the feasibility of our implementation on several real and synthetic mapping scenarios. In our experiments, we make use of a novel similarity measure between two database instances with different schemas that quantifies the preservation of data associations. We show experimentally that MapMerge improves the quality of the schema mappings, by significantly increasing the similarity between the input source instance and the generated target instance. Finally, we provide a new algorithm that combines MapMerge with schema mapping composition to correlate flows of schema mappings.