Adaptive protocols for information dissemination in wireless sensor networks
MobiCom '99 Proceedings of the 5th annual ACM/IEEE international conference on Mobile computing and networking
System architecture directions for networked sensors
ACM SIGPLAN Notices
Power-Aware Localized Routing in Wireless Networks
IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems
Energy-Efficient Communication Protocol for Wireless Microsensor Networks
HICSS '00 Proceedings of the 33rd Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences-Volume 8 - Volume 8
TOSSIM: accurate and scalable simulation of entire TinyOS applications
Proceedings of the 1st international conference on Embedded networked sensor systems
ACM SIGMOBILE Mobile Computing and Communications Review - Special issue on wireless pan & sensor networks
Simulating the power consumption of large-scale sensor network applications
SenSys '04 Proceedings of the 2nd international conference on Embedded networked sensor systems
HEED: A Hybrid, Energy-Efficient, Distributed Clustering Approach for Ad Hoc Sensor Networks
IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing
Energy-Centric Routing in Wireless Sensor Networks
ISCC '06 Proceedings of the 11th IEEE Symposium on Computers and Communications
Beacon vector routing: scalable point-to-point routing in wireless sensornets
NSDI'05 Proceedings of the 2nd conference on Symposium on Networked Systems Design & Implementation - Volume 2
Fidelity and yield in a volcano monitoring sensor network
OSDI '06 Proceedings of the 7th symposium on Operating systems design and implementation
Performance analysis of four routing protocols in sensor networks
International Journal of Ad Hoc and Ubiquitous Computing
Performance evaluation of the WSN routing protocols scalability
Journal of Computer Systems, Networks, and Communications
An application-specific protocol architecture for wireless microsensor networks
IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications
Journal of Network and Computer Applications
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Despite the disparity in the objectives of sensor applications, the main task of sensor networks is to sense and collect data from a target domain, process the collected data, and transmit the information back to the base station. Achieving this task efficiently requires the development of an energy-efficient routing protocol to set up paths between sensor nodes and the base station. The path selection must be such that the lifetime of the network is maximized. The definition of this metric is determined by the type of the provided service. Using several definitions of lifetime and a common evaluation framework, the lifetime of some representative flat and hierarchical sensor network routing protocols has been analyzed, namely: DIRECT, FLOODING, GOSSIPING, LEACH, and HEED. Extensive simulations have been carried out yielding a detailed analysis of the spatial-temporal distribution of lifetimes. Through this study, a new technique aimed at providing a good spatial-temporal distribution of lifetime is proposed. The resulting EHEED protocol is compared to others. Experimental results show that EHEED can extend remarkably the network lifetime and can be very effective for long-lived sensor network.