Steganalysis of adaptive image steganography in multiple gray code bit-planes
Multimedia Tools and Applications
A Comparative Survey on Cryptology-Based Methodologies
International Journal of Information Security and Privacy
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Replacement of least-significant bit plane is one of the popular steganography techniques in digital images because of its extreme simplicity. But it is more difficult to precisely estimate the rate of secret message embedded by replacement of multiple least-significant bit (MLSB) planes of a carrier object. In order to model the MLSB embedding, a lemma is introduced to prove the transition relationships among some trace subsets. Then, based on these transition relationships, two novel steganalysis frameworks are designed to detect two kinds of distinct MLSB embedding methods. A series of experiments show that the proposed steganalysis frameworks are highly sensitive to MLSB steganography, and can estimate the rate of secret message with higher accuracy. Furthermore, these frameworks can fully meet the need to distinguish stego images under low false positive rate, especially when the embedded message is short.