IEICE Transactions on Fundamentals of Electronics, Communications and Computer Sciences
A visible watermarking algorithm based on the content and contrast aware (COCOA) technique
Journal of Visual Communication and Image Representation
A contrast-sensitive reversible visible image watermarking technique
IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology
Dual digital watermarking for internet media based on hybrid strategies
IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology
A game-theoretic system security design for the visible watermarking
Proceedings of the 2nd ACM workshop on Multimedia in forensics, security and intelligence
Authorship Detection and Encoding for eBay Images
International Journal of Multimedia Data Engineering & Management
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A novel image recovery algorithm for removing visible watermarks is presented. Independent component analysis (ICA) is utilized to separate source images from watermarked and reference images. Three independent component analysis approaches are examined in the proposed algorithm, which includes joint approximate diagonalization of eigenmatrices, second-order blind identification, and FastICA. Moreover, five different visible watermarking methods to embed uniform and linear-gradient watermarks are implemented. The experimental results show that visible watermarks are successfully removed, and that the proposed algorithm is independent of both the adopted ICA approach and the visible watermarking method. In the final experiment, several public domain images sourced from various websites are tested. The results of this study demonstrate that the proposed algorithm can blindly and successfully remove the visible watermarks without knowing the watermarking methods in advance