Improving measurement invariance assessments in survey research with missing data by novel artificial neural networks

  • Authors:
  • Liang Ting Tsai;Chih-Chien Yang

  • Affiliations:
  • Cognitive NeuroMetrics Laboratory, Graduate Institute of Educational Measurement & Statistics, National Taichung University of Education, 140 MingSheng Road, Taichung 403, Taiwan;Cognitive NeuroMetrics Laboratory, Graduate Institute of Educational Measurement & Statistics, National Taichung University of Education, 140 MingSheng Road, Taichung 403, Taiwan

  • Venue:
  • Expert Systems with Applications: An International Journal
  • Year:
  • 2012

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Abstract

This study proposes the learning vector quantization estimated stratum weight (LVQ-ESW) method to interpolate missing group membership and weights in identifying the accuracy of measurement invariance (MI) in a stratified sampling survey. Survey data is rife with missing information, such as gender and race, which is critical for identifying MI, and in ensuring that conclusions from large-scale testing campaigns are accurate. In the current study, simulations were conducted to examine the accuracy and consistency of MI detection using multiple-group confirmatory factor analysis (MG-CFA) to compare different approaches for interpolating missing information. The results of the computerized simulations showed that the proposed method outperformed traditional methods, such as List-wise deletion, in terms of accurately and stably identifying MI. The implications for interpolating missing group membership and weights for survey research are discussed.