The cost structure of sensemaking
CHI '93 Proceedings of the INTERACT '93 and CHI '93 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
TileBars: visualization of term distribution information in full text information access
CHI '95 Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
DL '00 Proceedings of the fifth ACM conference on Digital libraries
A survey on the use of relevance feedback for information access systems
The Knowledge Engineering Review
Using syntactic dependency as local context to resolve word sense ambiguity
ACL '98 Proceedings of the 35th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics and Eighth Conference of the European Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics
A search engine for natural language applications
WWW '05 Proceedings of the 14th international conference on World Wide Web
Exploring erotics in Emily Dickinson's correspondence with text mining and visual interfaces
Proceedings of the 6th ACM/IEEE-CS joint conference on Digital libraries
The Word Tree, an Interactive Visual Concordance
IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics
Meandre: Semantic-Driven Data-Intensive Flows in the Clouds
ESCIENCE '08 Proceedings of the 2008 Fourth IEEE International Conference on eScience
Open information extraction from the web
IJCAI'07 Proceedings of the 20th international joint conference on Artifical intelligence
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We present a sensemaking environment for literary text analysis. Literature study is a cycle of reading, interpretation, exploration, and understanding. While there is now abundant technological support for reading and interpreting literary text in new ways through text-processing algorithms, the other parts of the cycle - exploration and understanding - have been relatively neglected. Motivated by the literature on sensemaking, we are developing a software system that integrates tools for algorithmic processing of text with interaction techniques that support the interpretive, exploratory, and note-taking aspects of scholarship. At present, our project supports grammatical search and contextual similarity determination, visualization of patterns of word context, and examination and organization of the source material for comparison and hypothesis-building. This article illustrates its capabilities by analyzing language-use differences between male and female characters in Shakespeare's plays. We find that when love is a major plot point, the language Shakespeare uses to refer to women becomes more physical, and the language referring to men becomes more sentimental. Future work will incorporate additional sensemaking tools to aid comparison, exploration, grouping, and pattern recognition.