Paper: A neural model of cortical map reorganization following a focal lesion

Authors:
Steven L. Armentrout;James A. Reggia;Michael Weinrich
Affiliations:
Department of Computer Science, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA;Department of Computer Science, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA and Department of Neurology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA;Department of Neurology, University of Maryland Hospital, 22 South Greene Street, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
Venue:
Artificial Intelligence in Medicine
Year:
1994

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Abstract

Neural models based on fairly simple assumptions have been able to account for topographic map formation in sensory cortex and the map reorganization that occurs following repetitive stimulation and deafferentation. The spontaneous reorganization that follows an acute focal cortical lesion, however, has not been modeled successfully. We have developed a computational model of cortex based on the hypothesis that cortical activation is distributed competitively. This model exhibited spontaneous reorganization following a focal cortical lesion and makes a testable prediction about the time course of that reorganization. We describe our model and the hypotheses upon which it is based, and examine some of the factors which influence post-lesion reorganization. We also demonstrate that the extent of post-lesion reorganization can be greatly improved through selective repetitive stimulation, suggesting a clinical rehabilitation technique that can be tried in an experimental setting for patients suffering sensory loss due to focal brain damage.