An initial examination of ease of use for 2D and 3D information visualizations of Web content
International Journal of Human-Computer Studies - Empirical evaluation of information visualizations
Graph drawing aesthetics and the comprehension of UML class diagrams: an empirical study
APVis '01 Proceedings of the 2001 Asia-Pacific symposium on Information visualisation - Volume 9
Which Aesthetic has the Greatest Effect on Human Understanding?
GD '97 Proceedings of the 5th International Symposium on Graph Drawing
OZCHI '98 Proceedings of the Australasian Conference on Computer Human Interaction
Research report: Interacting with huge hierarchies: beyond cone trees
INFOVIS '95 Proceedings of the 1995 IEEE Symposium on Information Visualization
Cognitive measurements of graph aesthetics
Information Visualization
Feature congestion: a measure of display clutter
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Just how dense are dense graphs in the real world?: a methodological note
Proceedings of the 2006 AVI workshop on BEyond time and errors: novel evaluation methods for information visualization
Hierarchical Edge Bundles: Visualization of Adjacency Relations in Hierarchical Data
IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics
Visualizing graphs in three dimensions
ACM Transactions on Applied Perception (TAP)
A Taxonomy of Clutter Reduction for Information Visualisation
IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics
Beyond time and error: a cognitive approach to the evaluation of graph drawings
Proceedings of the 2008 Workshop on BEyond time and errors: novel evaLuation methods for Information Visualization
Geometry-Based Edge Clustering for Graph Visualization
IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics
A user study on visualizing directed edges in graphs
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
GD'06 Proceedings of the 14th international conference on Graph drawing
Winding roads: routing edges into bundles
EuroVis'10 Proceedings of the 12th Eurographics / IEEE - VGTC conference on Visualization
Force-directed edge bundling for graph visualization
EuroVis'09 Proceedings of the 11th Eurographics / IEEE - VGTC conference on Visualization
Supporting Ontology Alignment Tasks with Edge Bundling
Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Knowledge Management and Knowledge Technologies
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Edges are one of the primary sources of clutter when viewing graphs as node-link diagrams. One technique to reduce this clutter is to bundle edges together based on a nearby source or destination. Combined with edge translucency, edge bundling is reported to reduce the clutter and reveal higher-level edge patterns. However there is very little empirical data on the impact of edge bundling on user performance, as well as the impact of graph characteristics such as edge density and graph size on the effectiveness of edge bundling as a graph-visualization technique. We have performed user experiments to evaluate the impact of bundling on user performance, using a set of randomly generated undirected compound graphs with varying vertex counts and edge densities. Our results indicate that edge bundling negatively impacts user performance at tracing paths between nodes, both in terms of accuracy and time. They also indicate that while edge bundling may provide no clear significant benefit in terms of accuracy for recognising higher-level cluster connectivity, it does provide a significant improvement in user response time.