Bug Wars: a competitive exercise to find bugs in code
Journal of Computing Sciences in Colleges
mJeliot: a tool for enhanced interactivity in programming instruction
Proceedings of the 11th Koli Calling International Conference on Computing Education Research
An empirical study of programming bugs in CS1, CS2, and CS3 homework submissions
Journal of Computing Sciences in Colleges
On the benefits of providing versioning support for end users: An empirical study
ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction (TOCHI)
Combining mutation and fault localization for automated program debugging
Journal of Systems and Software
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Learning to debug is a difficult, yet essential, aspect of learning to program. Students in this multi-institutional study report that finding bugs is harder than fixing them. They use a wide variety of debugging strategies, some of them unexpected. Time spent on understanding the problem can be effective. Pattern matching, particularly at the syntactic level, is an important technique for beginners. The Web has emerged as an obvious first place to look for similar examples. Lack of Web materials at an appropriate beginner level leads to flailing. Hypothesizing about the cause of bugs is an underdeveloped skill.